{"id":903206,"date":"2025-09-19T12:25:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T09:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/?p=903206"},"modified":"2025-09-19T12:25:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T09:25:00","slug":"despre-catusiada-de-deunazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/?p=903206","title":{"rendered":"Despre \u201ec\u0103tu\u0219iada\u201d de deun\u0103zi"},"content":{"rendered":"<article id=\"article-content\">\n<h1>Despre \u201ec\u0103tu\u0219iada\u201d de deun\u0103zi<\/h1>\n<section id=\"article-info\">\n<p class=\"author\">Scris de: av. Marian NAZAT | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi?pdf\" title=\"PDF\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/pdf-1004.png\" alt=\"pdf\" title=\"pdf-1004\"><\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi?print=1\" class=\"external\" title=\"Imprimare\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/print-1002.png\" alt=\"print\" title=\"print-1002\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"info flex-container\">\n<div class=\"date\">19 September 2025 12:25<\/div>\n<div>Vizualizari: 3272<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"article-body\">\n<section id=\"page\" class=\"cf\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"200\" width=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/av_marian_nazat-23.jpg\" title=\"av_marian_nazat-23\">\u00cen interviul acordat revistei <i>Q Magazine<\/i> din luna august 2025, Alina Mungiu-Pippidi vorbe\u0219te despre culisele \u201eanticorup\u021biei noastre\u201d care \u201ea fost sprijinit\u0103 de Bruxelles. A avut ca scop \u0219i s\u0103 z\u0103ng\u0103ne ni\u0219te c\u0103tu\u0219e, pentru c\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia era o cultur\u0103 a impunit\u0103\u021bii foarte mare. Oricine era la putere putea s\u0103 calce oamenii cu ma\u0219ina. Un moment important a fost acela c\u00e2nd am reu\u0219it s\u0103-l d\u0103m jos pe generalul Gabriel Oprea, din cauz\u0103 c\u0103 gonea cu peste 100 km\/h, noaptea, cu escort\u0103 la care nu avea dreptul. A murit un b\u0103iat nevinovat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><span><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Se ajunsese, \u00een 2009, ca dou\u0103 treimi din primarii re\u0219edin\u021belor de jude\u021b \u0219i tot at\u00e2t din \u0219efii de consilii jude\u021bene s\u0103 fie ancheta\u021bi de DNA. \u00cen realitate, erau 100%. Trebuia s\u0103 dai \u0219i exemplu, s\u0103 sperii lumea, trebuia s\u0103 dai \u0219i fenomenul corup\u021biei \u00eenapoi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Unde am gre\u0219it? Judec\u0103torii nu prea se \u00eendemnau s\u0103 condamne pe nimeni. Am fost de fa\u021b\u0103 la scene \u00een care judec\u0103torii ziceau: \u00abDomnule, pe Adrian N\u0103stase s\u0103-l dea lumea jos la alegeri, de ce s\u0103-l condamn\u0103m noi? E o chestie politic\u0103, nu vrem s\u0103 ne b\u0103g\u0103m!\u00bb. Veneau cei de la Bruxelles, se \u00eent\u00e2lneau cu tot plenul Cur\u021bii Supreme de Justi\u021bie, le spuneau: \u00abGata, ave\u021bi legi noi, pune\u021bi-le \u00een practic\u0103!\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Atunci, SRI s-a apucat s\u0103-i asculte pe to\u021bi, Cur\u021bile de Apel, \u00cenalta Curte. Legea permitea s\u0103 aib\u0103 mandate de siguran\u021b\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103, dar \u0219i mandate anticorup\u021bie. Normal ar fi fost s\u0103 asculte pe mandat anticorup\u021bie pe cineva b\u0103nuit de corup\u021bie. Dar ei nu au interceptat doar \u00een aceste rigori juridice, ci judec\u0103torii de la toate Cur\u021bile, \u00een ideea c\u0103 acolo se aranjeaz\u0103 procese, idee plauzibil\u0103, dar nu trebuia f\u0103cut pe siguran\u021b\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103. Acest fapt a dus puterea \u00een m\u00e2na c\u00e2torva oameni. S-a recreat statul supravegherii, \u00een care \u0219tii de toate despre to\u021bi, \u00een care fiecare are o vulnerabilitate, dar alegi s\u0103-i trimi\u021bi pe c\u00e2\u021biva la \u00eenchisoare, care erau selecta\u021bi \u00een fiecare lun\u0103. Restul erau \u0219antaja\u021bi\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Dezv\u0103luirea autoarei principale a \u201eplanului anticorup\u021bie\u201d din epoca Monic\u0103i Macovei (mda, cine se aseam\u0103n\u0103 se adun\u0103!), nu-i o noutate pentru mine, dimpotriv\u0103. Chiar, mi le \u0219i imaginez pe cele dou\u0103 ne\u00eenfricate lupt\u0103toare \u00eentru st\u00e2rpirea corup\u021biei \u00eent\u00e2rziind la un pahar de\u2026 <i>t\u0103rie penal\u0103<\/i>, hot\u0103r\u00e2nd pe cine mai aresteaz\u0103 \u0219i condamn\u0103 \u00een numele cur\u0103\u021b\u0103rii scenei politice \u0219i economice de la noi de elementele du\u0219m\u0103noase, ostile \u00eenf\u0103ptuirii proiectului de \u201edesm\u0103dulare\u201d total\u0103 a Rom\u00e2niei. Una amanetat\u0103 definitiv creditorilor ei externi, \u00een urma \u00eemprumuturilor cu o dob\u00e2nd\u0103 uria\u0219\u0103, aproape cea mai mare din Europa. De aceea, \u00een 2025, vom pl\u0103ti \u0103stora vreo 10 miliarde de euro, de unde \u0219i pachetele de austeritate expediate nou\u0103 de Ilie Bolojan\u2026 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Altminteri, ca avocat, sim\u021bi ca nimeni altcineva <i>urzelile<\/i> din spatele oric\u0103rui dosar, \u00eendeosebi al celor cu impact mediatic, \u00eentre care \u0219i cele pomenite de interlocutoarea Florianei Jucan. De asemenea, de-a lungul timpului, din discu\u021biile purtate cu diver\u0219i magistra\u021bi pensionari, am aflat, de pild\u0103, despre <i>vizitele de lucru<\/i> (sic!) ale unor oficiali europeni \u0219i americani la sediul \u00cenaltei Cur\u021bi de Casa\u021bie \u0219i Justi\u021bie. Ei bine, de fiecare dat\u0103, musafirii veneau cu lista dosarelor ce trebuiau solu\u021bionate rapid \u0219i sugerau inclusiv solu\u021biile dorite \u00een saloanele st\u0103p\u00e2nilor euro-atlantici. P\u00e2n\u0103 azi, m-am ab\u021binut s\u0103 dau \u00een vileag <i>bunele practici<\/i> ale <i>reformatorilor<\/i> bruxellezi \u0219i nu numai, din respect pentru persoanele ce-mi \u00eencredin\u021baser\u0103 secretele respective. Acum, \u00eens\u0103, de vreme ce unul dintre instigatorii la <i>juridism<\/i><a name=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi#_ftn1\"><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0219i-a f\u0103cut publice presiunile asupra justi\u021biei v\u00e2r\u00e2te de bun\u0103voie \u00een \u201ec\u00e2mpul tactic\u201d deun\u0103zi, m-am eliberat de <i>obliga\u021bia t\u0103inuirii<\/i> \u0219i pot s\u0103 confirm sus\u021binerile <i>justi\u021biarei <\/i>scobor\u00e2toare parc\u0103 din povestirile sovietice ale represiunii proletare, dar pe pe sens invers. Cu acela\u0219i efect, din nefericire: \u00eensp\u0103im\u00e2ntarea norodului prin darea de exemple! Bleah, c\u00e2t cinism! Unul asumat cu slinoas\u0103 deta\u0219are, prin gura p\u0103c\u0103toasei Alina Mungiu-Pippidi, \u00een ciuda e\u0219ecului r\u0103sun\u0103tor al campaniei pomenite\u2026 \u00centr-adev\u0103r, ca s-o citez iar\u0103\u0219i, toate astea au fost \u201e<span lang=\"RO\">demonstra\u021bii de for\u021b\u0103 care i-au f\u0103cut, din p\u0103cate, pe pre\u0219edin\u021bi \u0219i pe cei din lumea politic\u0103 s\u0103 fie foarte respectuo\u0219i \u0219i s\u0103 nu mai fac\u0103 nimic din agenda noastr\u0103 mare pe care ne-o promiteau c\u00e2nd \u00eei sprijineam \u00een campania electoral\u0103\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Numai c\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een urm\u0103 vreo dou\u0103 decenii de abuzuri inimaginabile ale \u201eplutoanelor de execu\u021bie\u201d comandate cazon de \u201e\u0219efii dispozitivelor de securitate\u201d de la instan\u021ba suprem\u0103 \u0219i zecile de victime \u00eentemni\u021bate \u00eentru <i>reeducarea<\/i> gloatei \u0219i a clasei sale politice\u2026 Sau achitate tardiv, ca \u00een cazul lui Ioan Niculaie, dup\u0103 ce afacerile sale, sechestrate \u00eendelung \u0219i ilegal, au falimentat \u2026 \u00cen schimb, Alina Mungiu-Pippidi a c\u00e2\u0219tigat la nem\u021bi \u201egranturi de 10 milioane de euro, iar acum coordoneaz\u0103 un altul de 6 milioane de euro\u201d<a name=\"_ftnref2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi#_ftn2\"><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\">[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>. Un fel de recompens\u0103, nu? <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span><span lang=\"RO\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span><span><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr width=\"33%\" size=\"1\" align=\"left\">\n<div id=\"ftn1\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span><a name=\"_ftn1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi#_ftnref1\"><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span lang=\"RO\"><span><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span lang=\"RO\">[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00cen articolul <i>Maladia jurisdismului,<\/i> publicat \u00een <i>Cotidianul<\/i> din 16 august 2025, Andrei Marga scrie c\u0103 \u201edreptul are \u00eens\u0103 \u0219i el patologii proprii. Multe se las\u0103 grupate sub termenul de \u00abjuridism\u00bb (p. 16). Acesta const\u0103 \u00een aplicarea \u00een pofida drept\u0103\u021bii a \u00eense\u0219i legilor statului de drept democratic. De pild\u0103, un cet\u0103\u021bean este socotit \u00een conflict cu dreptul, dar, \u00een loc s\u0103 fie ascultat, i se refuz\u0103 procedurile dreptului p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd, exasperat, comite o infrac\u021biune. Sau, unuia i se refuz\u0103 exercitarea libert\u0103\u021bilor \u0219i drepturilor \u00een numele unei \u00abvinov\u0103\u021bii\u00bb care nu a putut fi probat\u0103 cu mintea normal\u0103. Sau un pre\u0219edinte al \u021b\u0103rii a fost condamnat la restituirea banilor dintr-o falsificare comis\u0103, dar aceast\u0103 restituire este \u00eempiedicat\u0103 prin considerente secundare. \u00abJuridism\u00bb este atunci c\u00e2nd dreptul este aplicat abuziv \u00een numele luat \u00een de\u0219ert al dreptului.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Daniel Loick indic\u0103 ceea ce duce aplicarea dreptului de c\u0103tre unii magistra\u021bi la \u00abjuridism\u00bb (p. 333-334). El semnaleaz\u0103 patru fenomene. Primul este \u00ab<i>ideologia din mintea magistratului<\/i>\u00bb: aplicarea dreptului de c\u0103tre magistrat nu ia \u00een seam\u0103 ceea ce condi\u021bioneaz\u0103, dinspre realit\u0103\u021bile \u00een care tr\u0103iesc oamenii, ac\u021biunile \u0219i ini\u021biativele celui vizat \u0219i-l ia pe acesta ca individ r\u0103zle\u021b, care \u0219i-a pierdut cump\u0103tul sau a fost manipulat de for\u021be oculte. Al doilea este \u00ab<i>deficitul psihologic<\/i>\u00bb: de\u0219i legea poate fi formulat\u0103 \u00een inten\u021bia de a sluji dreptatea, magistratul nu \u00een\u021belege c\u0103 ea se aplic\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu cunoa\u0219terea situa\u021biilor de via\u021b\u0103 \u2013 a\u0219adar, nu mecanic, ci printr-o interpretare care ar trebui s\u0103 fie competent\u0103 \u0219i responsabil\u0103. Al treilea este \u00ab<i>deficitul comunicativ<\/i>\u00bb: cel care aplic\u0103 legea nu \u00een\u021belege c\u0103 o democra\u021bie are, \u00een mod normal, ca parte component\u0103 \u00abdeliberarea public\u0103\u00bb, care exclude principial decizii luate arbitrar de cineva, din capriciu, ignoran\u021b\u0103, r\u0103zbunare. Al patrulea este \u00ab<i>despotismul politic<\/i>\u00bb: magistratul profit\u0103 de \u00abatomizarea\u00bb corpului social \u0219i ignor\u0103 faptul c\u0103 individul \u00ee\u0219i raporteaz\u0103 legitim ac\u021biunea la\u00a0<i>res publica<\/i>\u00a0\u2013 c\u0103, \u00een calitate de cet\u0103\u021bean, individul are acest drept de a se pronun\u021ba \u00een societate \u0219i de a exprima un proiect.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Este evident c\u0103 \u00abjuridismul\u00bb pune \u00een joc \u00een\u021belegerea dreptului \u0219i a presupozi\u021biilor sale. Spre a-l evita, este nevoie de st\u0103p\u00e2nirea profesional\u0103 a dreptului de c\u0103tre cei care \u00eel aplic\u0103. Din nefericire, aceast\u0103 st\u0103p\u00e2nire este ast\u0103zi la prea mul\u021bi \u00een declin.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>La fenomenele amintite drept cauze ale \u00abjuridismului\u00bb, a\u0219 ad\u0103uga \u00eenc\u0103 dou\u0103, tot mai evidente. Primul este cunoa\u0219terea lacunar\u0103 de c\u0103tre unii magistra\u021bi a disciplinelor dreptului, inclusiv a celor de sprijin (economie, sociologie juridic\u0103, filosofia dreptului, argumentare juridic\u0103, hermeneutic\u0103 legislativ\u0103 etc.). Incultura, mercantilismul \u0219i conformismul alimenteaz\u0103 ast\u0103zi copios \u00abjuridismul\u00bb. Sl\u0103birea preg\u0103tirii juristului face de fapt posibil\u0103 \u00een unele \u021b\u0103ri echivalarea procurorilor cu magistra\u021bii. Echivalare pe care sistemele juridice mature o resping de la \u00eenceput, din ra\u021biuni juridice solide!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Al doilea fenomen este selec\u021bia de magistra\u021bi nu de c\u0103tre o instan\u021b\u0103 public\u0103 \u0219i prin competi\u021bia candida\u021bilor, sub exigen\u021ba unei experien\u021be serioase la activ, ci de c\u0103tre o persoan\u0103, fie ea \u0219i pre\u0219edintele \u021b\u0103rii. Nu se poate ie\u0219i din \u00abjuridism\u00bb cu desemn\u0103ri de magistra\u021bi de c\u0103tre o persoan\u0103, oricine ar fi aceasta. Mai ales c\u0103, mai nou, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia ajung pre\u0219edin\u021bi in\u0219i nepreg\u0103ti\u021bi, str\u0103ini nu doar de drept, ci \u0219i de economie, educa\u021bie \u0219i deontologie.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Pentru a face fa\u021b\u0103 \u00abjuridismului\u00bb, Daniel Loick recomand\u0103 conversiunea \u00een drept \u0219i preluarea unei anume intersubiectivit\u0103\u021bi \u2013 cea a unui \u00abdrept plin de con\u021binut etic\u00bb (p. 18). Numai astfel s-ar \u021bine piept curentului din zilele noastre care consider\u0103 c\u0103 dreptul nu a devenit \u00eenc\u0103 destul de formal \u0219i, implicit, de \u00abliberal\u00bb \u0219i de pliat la competi\u021biile din societate.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Autorul volumului\u00a0<i>Juridismul\u00a0<\/i>vrea s\u0103 promoveze \u00abintersubiectivitatea plin\u0103 de con\u021binut etic\u00bb, consider\u00e2nd dreptul ca \u00abfenomen social\u00bb. El reactualizeaz\u0103 optica lui Hegel, din\u00a0<i>Der Geist des Christentums und sein Schicksal\u00a0<\/i>(1798-1800)<i>,<\/i>\u00a0\u00een care dreptul este abordat ca subiectivitate ce se socializeaz\u0103. Cum se \u0219tie, Hegel a contrapus \u00abjuridismului\u00bb, pe care l-a \u0219i profilat conceptual ca patologie, moralitatea axat\u0103 pe \u00abiubire\u00bb a primelor comunit\u0103\u021bi de cre\u0219tini \u0219i a v\u0103zut \u00een \u00abjuridism\u00bb o absolutizare a dreptului \u00een dauna moralei. \u00cen\u00a0<i>Prelegeri de filosofie a istoriei<\/i>, Hegel vede \u00een Imperiul roman o societate supus\u0103 dreptului p\u00e2n\u0103 la absolutizare. \u00cen\u00a0<i>Fenomenologia spiritului\u00a0<\/i>(1805), Hegel invoc\u0103 deficitul comunicativ din jurul dreptului. El r\u0103m\u00e2ne, p\u00e2n\u0103 la cap\u0103t, adeptul ideii c\u0103 moralitatea este sfera din care subiectivitatea dreptului ar trebui s\u0103 se alimenteze, care s\u0103-i \u0219i devin\u0103 complementar\u0103, dar nu pune problema \u00abtransform\u0103rii dreptului \u00eensu\u0219i\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>\u00cen succesiunea lui Hegel, Marx \u0219i Nietzsche au abordat genealogic dreptul, indic\u00e2nd cum s-a format intersubiectivitatea pe care st\u0103 acesta. Numai c\u0103 niciunul nu a dat solu\u021bia unei \u00abtransform\u0103ri a dreptului\u00bb (p. 21). La ei, dreptul devine aplicarea unei optici \u2013 \u00abde clas\u0103\u00bb, respectiv \u00aba celui mai puternic\u00bb, nu mai mult.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Discu\u021bia poate fi l\u0103rgit\u0103, c\u0103ci \u00abac\u021biunea cet\u0103\u021benilor \u00een polisul\u00bb din zilele noastre este mai complex\u0103 dec\u00e2t s-a \u00eentrev\u0103zut \u00een cele trei abord\u0103ri clasicizate pe care le-am men\u021bionat \u0219i nu se las\u0103 redus\u0103 la simpla ac\u021biune \u00een stat. \u00centre timp, chiar experien\u021ba ne spune c\u0103 poate exista drept bine formulat, dar aplicat abuziv. \u00abAc\u021biunea\u00bb aceasta \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 forme noi pe planul societ\u0103\u021bii civile, economiei, rela\u021biilor interpersonale, rela\u021biilor fiin\u021bei umane cu ea \u00eens\u0103\u0219i (intimitatea), care sunt discutate azi, \u00een c\u00e2teva sisteme de drept, \u00een vederea juridiz\u0103rii.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Pe bun\u0103 dreptate, Daniel Loick promoveaz\u0103 o \u00abprocedur\u0103 discursiv\u0103\u00bb de stabilire a reglement\u0103rilor de drept. Aceasta confrunt\u0103 \u00abpreten\u021biile normative\u00bb cuprinse \u00een dreptul \u00eensu\u0219i, cu realitatea \u00abvie\u021bii tr\u0103ite\u00bb \u0219i argumenteaz\u0103 de ce aceste preten\u021bii nu s-au l\u0103sat realizate p\u00e2n\u0103 acum. Teoreticianul vede solu\u021bia \u00een preluarea pe planul intersubiectivit\u0103\u021bii dreptului a acestor domenii ca efect al unei evolu\u021bii, inclusiv de mentalit\u0103\u021bi, ce va face loc unui con\u021binut etic nou. Este aceasta solu\u021bia?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Eu cred c\u0103 putem aborda mai direct chestiunea, cu ajutorul diferen\u021bierii ac\u021biunilor, cuno\u0219tin\u021belor, ra\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bilor (vezi A. Marga,\u00a0<i>Voca\u021bia g\u00e2ndirii. Profilul lumii actuale<\/i>, Rao, Bucure\u0219ti, 2024). Desigur c\u0103 dreptul este de transformat \u2013 de transformat oric\u00e2t de mult \u00een direc\u021bia \u00eencorpor\u0103rii de considerente etice. Numai c\u0103 sunt inevitabil grani\u021be ale acestei transform\u0103ri, c\u0103ci legile \u00een care se concretizeaz\u0103 dreptul au a fi generale \u2013 viz\u00e2nd, deci, o clas\u0103 de ac\u021biuni, formale \u2013 re\u021bin\u00e2nd doar ceea ce este comun situa\u021biilor, \u0219i obligatorii \u2013 aplic\u00e2ndu-se tuturor subiec\u021bilor. Nu mai discut\u0103m aici faptul c\u0103 transform\u0103rile dreptului sunt prea lente \u00een raport cu nevoile efective de reglementare.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>\u00cen miez, solu\u021bia mea este punerea \u00een mi\u0219care a unei \u00abac\u021biuni etice\u00bb, adic\u0103 a unei ac\u021biuni de universalizare de valori pentru a scoate dreptul din divergen\u021ba, fie ea \u0219i poten\u021bial\u0103, cu moralitatea \u0219i din ampriza intereselor de grup social sau a intereselor celui mai puternic. Configura\u021bia \u00abac\u021biunii etice\u00bb este suficient\u0103, chiar dac\u0103 pot interveni \u0219i alte resurse care s\u0103 duc\u0103 la un drept care emerge mai direct din etic\u0103. \u00cen definitiv, \u00een epoca modern\u0103, libert\u0103\u021bile \u0219i drepturile omului au avut ca baz\u0103 demnitatea persoanei umane, \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 etic \u0219i religios, \u0219i universalizat\u0103 la un moment dat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Din nefericire, unele constitu\u021bii, cum este \u0219i cea a Rom\u00e2niei actuale, nu iau \u00een seam\u0103 emergen\u021ba din demnitate a libert\u0103\u021bii \u0219i drepturilor persoanei \u0219i reduc demnitatea uman\u0103 de la rangul unui \u00abprincipiu\u00bb al ordinii de drept, la rangul unei \u00abvalori\u00bb printre altele. De aceea se \u0219i petrec \u00een realitatea aplic\u0103rii dreptului at\u00e2tea abuzuri. Dar dreptul modern, la origine, cu constitu\u021biile modelatoare, care sunt american\u0103, francez\u0103 \u0219i german\u0103, a reglementat materia sa \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu \u00abac\u021biunea etic\u0103\u00bb a generaliz\u0103rii demnit\u0103\u021bii umane. Ea este primordial\u0103 \u00een aceste constitu\u021bii.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>Care ar fi temele \u00abac\u021biunii etice\u00bb? Daniel Loick indic\u0103 trei teme de transformare a dreptului: ad\u00e2ncirea op\u021biunii pluraliste a legii prin \u00abdiferen\u021biere \u0219i pluralitate\u00bb mai pronun\u021bate; consolidarea \u00een lege \u00aba responsabilit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i\u00a0<i>accountability<\/i>\u00bb; preluarea \u00een lege a \u00abrespectului de sine \u0219i a egalit\u0103\u021bii\u00bb sub aspecte noi (p. 331-332).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>A\u0219 ad\u0103uga doar c\u0103, prin amploarea \u0219i ramificarea lui, \u00abjuridismul\u00bb de ast\u0103zi reclam\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2rziere formalizarea juridic\u0103 prin \u00abac\u021biune etic\u0103\u00bb \u2013 \u00abac\u021biunea etic\u0103\u00bb \u00eensemn\u00e2nd practic universalizarea unei valori. Exemplul a fost universalizarea valorii \u00abdrepturi fundamentale ale omului\u00bb, la ini\u021biativa lui Jimmy Carter.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span>A\u0219adar, \u00abjuridismul\u00bb se poate contracara nu a\u0219tept\u00e2nd cap\u0103tul unui proces istoric, c\u0103ci nici nu se \u0219tie dac\u0103 \u0219i c\u00e2nd survine acesta, ci imediat, prin \u00abac\u021biunea etic\u0103\u00bb, oarecum analoag\u0103 cu universalizarea aplic\u0103rii drepturilor omului. Adev\u0103rul este c\u0103 numai ceea ce este \u00eenscris explicit \u00een lege poate beneficia de for\u021ba acesteia. Derapajele unor magistra\u021bi spre \u00abjuridism\u00bb se previn doar prin legisla\u021bia \u00eens\u0103\u0219i\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ftn2\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span><a name=\"_ftn2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi#_ftnref2\"><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span lang=\"RO\"><span><span class=\"MsoFootnoteReference\"><span lang=\"RO\">[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00cen interviul acordat revistei <i>Q Magazine<\/i> din august 2025<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"comments-boxes\">\n<div class=\"heading\">\n<h2>Comentarii<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"comment\" id=\"comentariu-381448\">\n<div class=\"commentBody\">\n<div class=\"commentDate\">\n<p class=\"comment-details cf\"><span class=\"comment-id\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t#<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Just<\/strong><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/calendar-841.png\" alt=\"date\" title=\"calendar-841\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t19 September 2025 13:44<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><span class=\"comment-quality cf\"><span class=\"green\">+6<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"commentContent\">Stimate domnule avocat,  smecherul Gabi Oprea gonea cu peste 100km\/h nu doar noaptea, ci si ziua, de regula in jurul pranzului, zbura pe bulevardele din centrul  capitalei cu A6-le sau cu geamuri negre, insotit de saracii tineri politisti care erau ingroziti de ordinele despotice si criminale ale strongman-ului de la interne. Obligatoriu escorta trebuia sa circule cu semnalele luminoase, probabil asa ii  facea placere domnului ministru Oprea.<br \/>\n A trebuit sacrificata o viata de om si distruse familii pentru a putea fi oprit si inlaturat de la butoane domnul dictator Oprea Gabriel.<\/div>\n<ul class=\"cf cactions\">\n<li><a class=\"comment-381448\" href rel=\"raspunde\" title=\"Raspunde\">Raspunde<\/a><\/li>\n<li>|<\/li>\n<li><a href class=\"comment-381448\" rel=\"raspunde-citeaza\" title=\"Raspunde cu citat\">Raspunde cu citat<\/a><\/li>\n<li>|<\/li>\n<li><a href class=\"comment-381448\" title=\"Citat\" rel=\"citeaza\">Citat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"comment\" id=\"comentariu-381807\">\n<div class=\"commentBody\">\n<div class=\"commentDate\">\n<p class=\"comment-details cf\"><span class=\"comment-id\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t#<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>DOREL<\/strong><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/calendar-841.png\" alt=\"date\" title=\"calendar-841\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t28 September 2025 19:24<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><span class=\"comment-quality cf\"><span class=\"gray\">0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"commentContent\">Hai sa n-o luam cu totii pe aratura ! E adevarat ca Gabriela Oprea a avut limitele si pacatele lui (prea multe, prea grele&#8230;) si, poate, d-aia a si fost &#8220;reevaluat&#8221; de Tr. Basescu dar, la fel de adevarat e ca Bogdan Gigina a murit, odata, pentru ca un antreprenor prost ca noaptea a lasat o ditamai groapa nesemnalizata pe timpul noptii si, a doua oara, pentru raposatul nu stia sa mearga pe motocicleta (a demonstrat-o Titi Aur)&#8230;<\/div>\n<ul class=\"cf cactions\">\n<li><a class=\"comment-381807\" href rel=\"raspunde\" title=\"Raspunde\">Raspunde<\/a><\/li>\n<li>|<\/li>\n<li><a href class=\"comment-381807\" rel=\"raspunde-citeaza\" title=\"Raspunde cu citat\">Raspunde cu citat<\/a><\/li>\n<li>|<\/li>\n<li><a href class=\"comment-381807\" title=\"Citat\" rel=\"citeaza\">Citat<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"comments\">\n<div class=\"heading\">\n<h2>Adauga comentariu<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"emoticons-container\">\n<div id=\"comments-form-smilespanel\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/laugh-1052.gif\" alt=\":D\" class=\"smile\" title=\"laugh-1052\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/lol-1079.gif\" alt=\":lol:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"lol-1079\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/smile-1008.gif\" alt=\":-)\" class=\"smile\" title=\"smile-1008\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wink-1007.gif\" alt=\";-)\" class=\"smile\" title=\"wink-1007\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cool-1012.gif\" alt=\"8)\" class=\"smile\" title=\"cool-1012\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/normal-986.gif\" alt=\":-|\" class=\"smile\" title=\"normal-986\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/whistling-1025.gif\" alt=\":-*\" class=\"smile\" title=\"whistling-1025\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/redface-996.gif\" alt=\":oops:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"redface-996\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/sad-993.gif\" alt=\":sad:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"sad-993\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/cry-1003.gif\" alt=\":cry:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"cry-1003\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/surprised-998.gif\" alt=\":o\" class=\"smile\" title=\"surprised-998\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/confused-984.gif\" alt=\":-?\" class=\"smile\" title=\"confused-984\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/sick-1027.gif\" alt=\":-x\" class=\"smile\" title=\"sick-1027\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/shocked-1018.gif\" alt=\":eek:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"shocked-1018\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/sleeping-997.gif\" alt=\":zzz\" class=\"smile\" title=\"sleeping-997\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/tongue-1022.gif\" alt=\":P\" class=\"smile\" title=\"tongue-1022\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/rolleyes-997.gif\" alt=\":roll:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"rolleyes-997\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/unsure-987.gif\" alt=\":sigh:\" class=\"smile\" title=\"unsure-987\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-center\">\n<p>DISCLAIMER<\/p>\n<p>Atentie! Postati pe propria raspundere!<br \/> Inainte de a posta, cititi aici regulamentul: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/termeni-legali-si-conditii\" title=\"Termeni legali si conditii\">Termeni legali si Conditii<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n<p> Source URL: https:\/\/www.luju.ro\/despre-catusiada-de-deunazi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Despre \u201ec\u0103tu\u0219iada\u201d de deun\u0103zi Scris de: av. Marian NAZAT | | 19 September 2025 12:25 Vizualizari: 3272 \u00cen interviul acordat revistei Q Magazine din luna august 2025, Alina Mungiu-Pippidi vorbe\u0219te despre culisele \u201eanticorup\u021biei noastre\u201d care \u201ea fost sprijinit\u0103 de Bruxelles. A avut ca scop \u0219i s\u0103 z\u0103ng\u0103ne ni\u0219te c\u0103tu\u0219e, pentru c\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia era o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":903207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[114],"class_list":["post-903206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-romania","tag-luju-ro"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/903206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=903206"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/903206\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/903207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=903206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=903206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=903206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}