{"id":2227891,"date":"2026-10-29T21:50:25","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T18:50:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/?p=2227891"},"modified":"2026-10-29T21:50:25","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T18:50:25","slug":"civilizatia-i-a-facut-pe-oameni-mai-mici-de-statura-si-mai-bolnaviciosi-rezultatele-uimitoare-ale-unui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/?p=2227891","title":{"rendered":"Civiliza\u021bia i-a f\u0103cut pe oameni mai mici de statur\u0103 \u0219i mai boln\u0103vicio\u0219i. Rezultatele uimitoare ale unui&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[analyse_image type=&#8221;featured&#8221; src=&#8221;https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-1\/1beb26e2-fb39-4805-9dda-1bee159e4934\/index.jpeg?p=f%3Djpeg%26w%3D1200%26h%3D630%26r%3Dcover&#8221;]<\/p>\n<article class=\"svelte-x63bga\">\n<nav>\n<ul class=\"breadcrump svelte-1pk9a69\">\n<li class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/\" title=\"Adev\u0103rul\" class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\">Home<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\" class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\">Stil de via\u021b\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/magazin\" class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\">Magazin<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/magazin\/civilizatia-i-a-facut-pe-oameni-mai-mici-de-2567283.html\" class=\"svelte-1pk9a69\">Civiliza\u021bia i-a f\u0103cut pe oameni mai mici de statur\u0103 \u0219i mai boln\u0103vicio\u0219i. Rezultatele uimitoare ale unui studiu care arat\u0103 cum m\u00e2ncarea ne-a modificat genetic<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<p><main class=\"svelte-x63bga\"><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0Schimbarea dietei \u0219i trecerea la o alimenta\u021bie dependent\u0103 de culturile de plante, a f\u0103cut specia uman\u0103 mai boln\u0103vicioas\u0103 \u0219i mai scund\u0103. Cel pu\u021bin asta arat\u0103 studiile de specialitate realizate pe r\u0103m\u0103\u0219i\u021be ale popula\u021biilor neolitice, comparativ cu str\u0103mo\u0219ii lor v\u00e2n\u0103tori-culeg\u0103tori.\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-image  svelte-1xbw4f3\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-1\/1beb26e2-fb39-4805-9dda-1bee159e4934\/index.jpeg?p=a%3D1%26co%3D1.05%26w%3D1400%26h%3D750%26r%3Dcontain%26f%3Dwebp 1400w\" media=\"(min-width: 1400px)\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"caption svelte-1xbw4f3\"><span class=\"captionText svelte-1xbw4f3\">Odat\u0103 ce oamenii au devenit fermieri au devenit mai scunzi \u0219i mai bolnavi <span class=\"source svelte-1xbw4f3\">Foto: imagine creata cu AI<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Acum aproximativ 9000 de ani, <i>Homo sapiens<\/i>, adic\u0103 specia noastr\u0103, a \u00eenceput s\u0103-\u0219i schimbe radical via\u021ba. A \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103 cultive plantele \u0219i s\u0103 domesticeasc\u0103 animalele \u0219i a declan\u0219at o revolu\u021bie a societ\u0103\u021bii omene\u0219ti care \u00eei va schimba definitiv destinul. De la via\u021ba nomad\u0103 de v\u00e2n\u0103tor-culeg\u0103tor, care urm\u0103rea sezonier marile turme de animale, <i>Homo sapiens<\/i> a trecut la via\u021ba sedentar\u0103. A \u00eenceput s\u0103 locuiasc\u0103 \u00een sate de colibe, de multe ori \u00eenconjurate de valuri de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u0219i garduri \u00eenalte pentru a se ap\u0103ra de animalele s\u0103lbatice, dar \u0219i de triburile inamice.<\/p>\n<p>Cultura plantelor \u0219i rota\u021bia acestora \u00een func\u021bie de anotimpuri i-au obligat pe oameni s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een acela\u0219i loc. Via\u021ba lor se \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bise: hrana le era asigurat\u0103, nu mai trebuiau s\u0103-\u0219i ri\u0219te via\u021ba pentru ea, totul era predictibil. Societatea s-a diversificat, au ap\u0103rut me\u0219teri, r\u0103zboinici, c\u0103petenii. Cultele religioase au devenit tot mai complexe \u0219i au ap\u0103rut locurile de rug\u0103ciune. Societatea era mai organizat\u0103, iar progresul era constant.<\/p>\n<p>Noile cercet\u0103ri indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103, \u00een ciuda progresului economic \u0219i social, oamenii au \u00eenceput s\u0103-\u0219i piard\u0103 calit\u0103\u021bile de alt\u0103dat\u0103. Noile genera\u021bii de fermieri erau mai scunde, mai slabe fizic \u0219i mai boln\u0103vicioase dec\u00e2t clanurile str\u0103mo\u0219ilor lor de v\u00e2n\u0103tori-culeg\u0103tori paleolitici. V\u00e2n\u0103torii \u00eenal\u021bi \u0219i puternici au devenit tot mai pipernici\u021bi, culmea, odat\u0103 cu civiliza\u021bia. \u0218i totul s-a tras de la m\u00e2ncare, spun speciali\u0219tii \u00eentr-un studiu surprinz\u0103tor.<\/p>\n<h2>Un studiu care schimb\u0103 tot ceea ce \u0219tiam despre noi<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103 din anul 2011, baz\u00e2ndu-se \u0219i pe o serie de cercet\u0103ri mai vechi, precum \u0219i pe studiile comparative pe resturile osteologice \u0219i pe descoperirile din situri neolitice \u0219i paleolitice, a ap\u0103rut lucrarea <i>\u201eStature and robusticity during the agricultural transition: evidence from the bioarchaeological record\u201d<\/i>, realizat\u0103 de un grup de cercet\u0103tori: Amanda Mummert, Emily Esche, Joshua Robinson \u0219i George J. Armelagos. Acest studiu incredibil ofer\u0103 o ipotez\u0103 absolut nea\u0219teptat\u0103 privind realit\u0103\u021bile de la \u00eenceputurile civiliza\u021biei umane.<\/p>\n<p>Practic, speciali\u0219tii arat\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een perioada neolitic\u0103, atunci c\u00e2nd omul a devenit sedentar \u0219i a f\u0103cut primii pa\u0219i c\u0103tre civiliza\u021bie, indivizii au devenit mai scunzi, mai pl\u0103p\u00e2nzi \u0219i mai boln\u0103vicio\u0219i, culmea, \u00een compara\u021bie cu str\u0103mo\u0219ii lor v\u00e2n\u0103tori-culeg\u0103tori din <a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stiri-locale\/botosani\/mister-vechi-de-27000-de-ani-mesajele-transmise-2109647.html\">Paleolitic<\/a>. La prima vedere pare paradoxal, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care, aparent, condi\u021biile de via\u021b\u0103, odat\u0103 cu sedentarismul, cultivarea plantelor \u0219i cre\u0219terea animalelor, s-au \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit. Oamenii nu mai tr\u0103iau \u00een pe\u0219teri sau ad\u0103posturi improvizate, expuse de multe ori animalelor s\u0103lbatice sau intemperiilor, \u0219i nici nu mai erau nevoi\u021bi s\u0103-\u0219i caute \u00een permanen\u021b\u0103 hrana.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-image  svelte-1xbw4f3\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-e\/e7c7de03-71fb-4e0e-a72c-dd6b4a775536\/index.jpeg?p=a%3D1%26co%3D1.05%26w%3D1400%26h%3D750%26r%3Dcontain%26f%3Dwebp 1400w\" media=\"(min-width: 1400px)\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"caption svelte-1xbw4f3\"><span class=\"captionText svelte-1xbw4f3\">Sanctuarul neolitic de la Par\u021ba <span class=\"source svelte-1xbw4f3\">Foto: muzee de la sat<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Cu toate acestea, studiul arat\u0103 c\u0103 schimbarea alimenta\u021biei, adic\u0103 trecerea la o diet\u0103 bazat\u0103 \u00een mare parte pe plante, a \u00eensemnat un regres din punct de vedere al st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i al condi\u021biei fizice.<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201eExplozia demografic\u0103 ce a urmat Revolu\u021biei Neolitice a fost explicat\u0103 ini\u021bial prin \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate a popula\u021biilor care practicau agricultura. Cu toate acestea, studiile empirice asupra societ\u0103\u021bilor care au trecut de la procurarea hranei prin v\u00e2n\u0103toare \u0219i cules la produc\u021bia alimentar\u0103 primar\u0103 au identificat dovezi ale deterior\u0103rii st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate, manifestat\u0103 prin cre\u0219terea inciden\u021bei bolilor infec\u021bioase \u0219i dentare, precum \u0219i prin accentuarea caren\u021belor nutri\u021bionale. \u00cen lucrarea Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture (Cohen \u0219i Armelagos, 1984), aceast\u0103 tendin\u021b\u0103 de deteriorare a st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate a fost observat\u0103 \u00een 19 dintre cele 21 de societ\u0103\u021bi care au trecut prin procesul de transformare agricol\u0103. Cre\u0219terea aparent paradoxal\u0103 a afec\u021biunilor cauzate de caren\u021bele nutri\u021bionale a fost determinat\u0103 de foametea sezonier\u0103, dependen\u021ba de o singur\u0103 cultur\u0103 agricol\u0103, lipsit\u0103 de nutrien\u021bi esen\u021biali, distrugerea recoltelor de c\u0103tre boli ale plantelor, inegalit\u0103\u021bile sociale \u0219i comer\u021b\u201d,<\/i> precizeaz\u0103 speciali\u0219tii aminti\u021bi \u00een studiul <i>\u201eStature and robusticity during the agricultural transition: evidence from the bioarchaeological record\u201d<\/i>.<\/p>\n<h2>Mai scunzi dec\u00e2t str\u0103mo\u0219ii lor<\/h2>\n<p>Primul indiciu al unei st\u0103ri precare de s\u0103n\u0103tate a fost faptul c\u0103 oamenii din Neolitic, adic\u0103 primii fermieri sedentari, erau mai scunzi \u0219i mai pl\u0103p\u00e2nzi dec\u00e2t str\u0103mo\u0219ii lor v\u00e2n\u0103tori.<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201e\u00cen acest studiu, am analizat dovezile privind reducerea staturii, prezentate \u00een cercet\u0103rile publicate dup\u0103 anul 1984, pentru a evalua dac\u0103 tendin\u021ba de deteriorare a st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u00een urma tranzi\u021biei la agricultur\u0103 se men\u021bine. Tendin\u021ba de sc\u0103dere a \u00een\u0103l\u021bimii adul\u021bilor \u0219i de deteriorare general\u0103 a st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u00een perioadele de tranzi\u021bie c\u0103tre noi moduri de subzisten\u021b\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne valabil\u0103, majoritatea studiilor constat\u00e2nd o reducere a staturii pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce popula\u021biile au devenit tot mai dependente de agricultur\u0103. Impactul agriculturii, asociat cu cre\u0219terea densit\u0103\u021bii popula\u021biei \u0219i a inciden\u021bei bolilor infec\u021bioase, s-a reflectat \u00een sc\u0103derea staturii popula\u021biilor din \u00eentreaga lume, indiferent de perioada istoric\u0103 \u00een care a fost adoptat\u0103 agricultura. Acest fenomen a fost documentat \u00een Europa, Africa, Orientul Mijlociu, Asia, America de Sud \u0219i America de Nord\u201d<\/i>, arat\u0103 aceia\u0219i speciali\u0219ti.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-image  svelte-1xbw4f3\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-0\/00ea4450-f494-4cf0-a6dd-1dba590a4d7a\/index.jpeg?p=a%3D1%26co%3D1.05%26w%3D1400%26h%3D735%26r%3Dcontain%26f%3Dwebp 1400w\" media=\"(min-width: 1400px)\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"caption svelte-1xbw4f3\"><span class=\"captionText svelte-1xbw4f3\">Sat din neolitic reproducere <span class=\"source svelte-1xbw4f3\">Foto: Complexul Muzeal Bistri\u021ba N\u0103s\u0103ud<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Practic, impactul schimb\u0103rii \u0219i perioada de adaptare de la o alimenta\u021bie la alta au dus la probleme serioase pentru primii fermieri. \u00cen plus, culturile din acea perioad\u0103 erau realizate primitiv \u0219i riscau s\u0103 fie compromise u\u0219or de boli sau intemperii. Apoi, nu exista o diversitate at\u00e2t de mare de plante pe care oamenii le cultivau. Asta ducea la caren\u021be nutri\u021bionale.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"related-inline svelte-78g0vl\" data-gtrack=\"{&quot;event&quot;:&quot;utm_click&quot;,&quot;data&quot;:{&quot;event_category&quot;:&quot;article_related&quot;}}\" href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stiri-locale\/targoviste\/cercetare-ampla-despre-tehnologia-pietrei-in-2165647.html\" title=\"Alt articol de interes pentru tine\"><span class=\"inline-title svelte-78g0vl\">Cercetare ampl\u0103 despre tehnologia pietrei \u00een Paleolitic, la Curtea Domneasc\u0103 din T\u00e2rgovi\u015fte<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ca s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem prin compara\u021bie, un <i>Homo sapiens<\/i> din Era Glaciar\u0103 avea o \u00een\u0103l\u021bime medie de 1,75\u20131,84 metri (la b\u0103rba\u021bi), \u00een timp ce fermierii neolitici aveau o \u00een\u0103l\u021bime medie de 1,65\u20131,70 metri. \u00cen plus, v\u00e2n\u0103torii paleolitici erau mai robu\u0219ti, din motive lesne de \u00een\u021beles.<\/p>\n<p>Rezum\u00e2nd ceea ce arat\u0103 speciali\u0219tii, principalele cauze sunt reducerea diversit\u0103\u021bii alimentare \u0219i o dependen\u021b\u0103 mare de c\u00e2teva culturi de baz\u0103, precum cerealele, care au dus la caren\u021be nutri\u021bionale. Secetele sau e\u0219ecurile recoltelor afectau direct comunit\u0103\u021bile care nu mai puteau migra sau varia hrana la fel de u\u0219or ca str\u0103mo\u0219ii lor. Practic, primii fermieri au r\u0103mas \u201elega\u021bi de glie\u201d din cauza regimului culturilor. La toate acestea s-au ad\u0103ugat cre\u0219terea densit\u0103\u021bii popula\u021biei \u00een a\u0219ez\u0103ri sedentare \u0219i apropierea de animalele domestice, care au favorizat bolile.<\/p>\n<h2>Ce m\u00e2ncau oamenii din Paleolitic?<\/h2>\n<p>Ca s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem diferen\u021bele, trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tim ce m\u00e2ncau str\u0103mo\u0219ii no\u0219tri, v\u00e2n\u0103tori-culeg\u0103tori \u2014 adic\u0103 cei care erau mai \u00eenal\u021bi, mai robu\u0219ti \u0219i, se pare, ceva mai rezisten\u021bi la boli.<\/p>\n<p>Ei bine, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i antropologii au reconstituit alimenta\u021bia din aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 pe baza dovezilor arheologice \u0219i a studiului comunit\u0103\u021bilor contemporane de v\u00e2n\u0103tori-culeg\u0103tori. Primii oameni consumau \u00een principal fructe s\u0103lbatice, r\u0103d\u0103cini \u0219i tuberculi, legume \u0219i, uneori, miere, pe\u0219te \u0219i carne. Cantit\u0103\u021bile de gr\u0103simi \u0219i proteine consumate variau, iar alimenta\u021bia lor era, cel mai probabil, bogat\u0103 \u00een fibre vegetale \u0219i proteine animale.<\/p>\n<p>Speciali\u0219tii spun c\u0103 este gre\u0219it s\u0103 credem c\u0103 oamenii din Paleolitic erau \u00een mare parte carnivori. V\u00e2natul era destul de greu de procurat, \u00een timp ce tuberculii, r\u0103d\u0103cinile sau fructele erau mai u\u0219or de ob\u021binut. Evident, nevoia de energie, mai ales din perioadele glaciare, f\u0103cea ca proteinele de origine animal\u0103 s\u0103 joace \u0219i ele un rol important \u00een alimenta\u021bia v\u00e2n\u0103torilor din Paleolitic. Pe scurt, aveau o diet\u0103 foarte echilibrat\u0103, care era necesar\u0103 pentru a le asigura supravie\u021buirea. \u00cen plus, consumau m\u00e2ncare g\u0103tit\u0103.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-image  svelte-1xbw4f3\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-2\/2ff53a3f-8eb7-45ce-a1d6-2c5c7141aad9\/index.jpeg?p=a%3D1%26co%3D1.05%26w%3D1400%26h%3D750%26r%3Dcontain%26f%3Dwebp 1400w\" media=\"(min-width: 1400px)\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"caption svelte-1xbw4f3\"><span class=\"captionText svelte-1xbw4f3\">V\u00e2n\u0103tori din Paleolitic <span class=\"source svelte-1xbw4f3\">Foto: imagine creata cu AI<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><i>\u201eDescoperirile arheologice bazate pe analize izotopice arat\u0103<\/i><i> c\u0103, \u00een preistorie, nu exista un regim alimentar universal valabil pentru toate popula\u021biile. \u00cen Israel, dovezile fosile dat\u00e2nd de acum aproximativ 800.000 de ani indic\u0103 o alimenta\u021bie variat\u0103, bazat\u0103 \u00een principal pe plante, care includea semin\u021be, fructe \u0219i legume s\u0103lbatice \u0219i nuci, precum \u0219i cantit\u0103\u021bi mai mici de carne \u0219i pe\u0219te. Analiza microfosilelor din tartrul dentar al oamenilor de Neanderthal, descoperite pe teritoriul Irakului \u0219i al Belgiei de ast\u0103zi, demonstreaz\u0103 consumul mai multor tipuri de plante, inclusiv curmale, leguminoase \u0219i semin\u021be. Multe dintre resturile identificate de amidon vegetal prezint\u0103 modific\u0103ri chimice compatibile cu prepararea termic\u0103 a alimentelor. Aceste descoperiri arheologice contrazic convingerea modern\u0103 potrivit c\u0103reia oamenii preistorici se bazau \u00een principal pe proteine de origine animal\u0103 \u0219i pe alimente crude\u201d<\/i>, arat\u0103 Sharon F. Daley, Hima J. Challa \u0219i Kalyan R. Uppaluri \u00een studiul din 2025, <i>\u201ePaleolithic Diet\u201d<\/i>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-image  svelte-1xbw4f3\"><source type=\"image\/webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-2\/241d20f3-7f7e-4fb9-b197-4189b700bd41\/index.jpeg?p=a%3D1%26co%3D1.05%26w%3D1400%26h%3D750%26r%3Dcontain%26f%3Dwebp 1400w\" media=\"(min-width: 1400px)\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"caption svelte-1xbw4f3\"><span class=\"captionText svelte-1xbw4f3\">Oameni din paleolitic <span class=\"source svelte-1xbw4f3\">Foto: sportpictures<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"related-inline svelte-78g0vl\" data-gtrack=\"{&quot;event&quot;:&quot;utm_click&quot;,&quot;data&quot;:{&quot;event_category&quot;:&quot;article_related&quot;}}\" href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/magazin\/cum-arata-cea-mai-veche-locuinta-descoperita-pe-2372613.html\" title=\"Alt articol de interes pentru tine\"><span class=\"inline-title svelte-78g0vl\">Cum ar\u0103ta cea mai veche locuin\u021b\u0103 descoperit\u0103 pe teritoriul Rom\u00e2niei. Avea o func\u021bionalitate misterioas\u0103<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A\u0219a cum arat\u0103 studiile, oamenii din Paleolitic m\u00e2ncau urm\u0103toarele categorii de alimente:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>De origine vegetal\u0103:<\/b> tuberculi, semin\u021be, nuci, f\u0103in\u0103 ob\u021binut\u0103 prin m\u0103cinarea orzului s\u0103lbatic, fructe, fructe de p\u0103dure \u0219i flori. De precizat c\u0103 tuberculii plantelor erau asem\u0103n\u0103tori cartofilor, morcovilor \u0219i p\u0103st\u00e2rnacului de ast\u0103zi.<\/li>\n<li><b>De origine animal\u0103:<\/b> mamifere mari \u0219i mici, precum bizonii, caii s\u0103lbatici, mamu\u021bii sau cerbii, dar \u0219i iepurii, p\u0103s\u0103ri (inclusiv ra\u021be \u0219i g\u0103ini s\u0103lbatice), reptile (precum \u021bestoasele) \u0219i ou\u0103 culese din natur\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><b>Pe\u0219te \u0219i fructe de mare:<\/b> erau consumate specii de ap\u0103 dulce \u0219i s\u0103rat\u0103, \u00een special de comunit\u0103\u021bile care tr\u0103iau \u00een apropierea coastelor \u0219i a r\u00e2urilor.<\/li>\n<li><b>Insecte \u0219i derivate:<\/b> str\u0103mo\u0219ii no\u0219tri din Paleolitic erau mari amatori de insecte precum l\u0103custele, g\u00e2ndacii \u0219i furnicile, dar \u0219i de produsele acestora, inclusiv mierea \u0219i fagurii de miere.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Schimbarea alimenta\u021biei ne-a produs muta\u021bii genetice<\/h2>\n<p>Spre deosebire de str\u0103mo\u0219ii lor paleolitici, primii fermieri neolitici nu au mai avut parte de aceast\u0103 diversitate a hranei \u0219i au devenit dependen\u021bi doar de ceea ce cultivau. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, alimenta\u021bia oamenilor a devenit mult mai dependent\u0103 de plante \u0219i s-a apropiat de un regim predominant vegetarian \u00een perioada neolitic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Evident, nu consumau doar vegetale. Continuau s\u0103 v\u00e2neze animale din p\u0103durile apropiate, precum c\u0103prioare sau mistre\u021bi, sau sacrificau animalele domesticite, de\u0219i acestea din urm\u0103 erau de multe ori cru\u021bate pentru c\u0103 d\u0103deau lapte, l\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i alte subproduse foarte valoroase. Inclusiv g\u0103inile sau ra\u021bele domesticite nu mai erau consumate la fel de des, fiindc\u0103 d\u0103deau constant ou\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Trecerea la agricultur\u0103 a schimbat radical propor\u021biile diferitelor alimente din dieta uman\u0103. Aceast\u0103 transformare alimentar\u0103 a fost at\u00e2t de profund\u0103, \u00eenc\u00e2t a modificat pe termen lung biologia uman\u0103 \u0219i societatea. Trecerea la o alimenta\u021bie bogat\u0103 \u00een plante a influen\u021bat inclusiv evolu\u021bia genetic\u0103 a popula\u021biilor europene. Studiile realizate de institu\u021bii precum Universitatea Cornell arat\u0103 c\u0103, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce oamenii din Neolitic au renun\u021bat treptat la alimenta\u021bia bogat\u0103 \u00een carne \u0219i produse marine, specific\u0103 v\u00e2n\u0103torilor-culeg\u0103tori, a devenit mai frecvent\u0103 o anumit\u0103 variant\u0103 a genei <i>FADS1<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen schimb, primii fermieri au pierdut diversitatea alimenta\u021biei str\u0103mo\u0219ilor lor, care includea sute de specii de plante s\u0103lbatice, r\u0103d\u0103cini, fructe de p\u0103dure, nuci \u0219i diferite animale s\u0103lbatice. Alimenta\u021bia oamenilor din Neolitic se baza \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 pe un num\u0103r redus de culturi agricole, \u00een principal gr\u00e2u, orz \u0219i linte.<\/p>\n<p>A\u0219a cum am observat \u00een studiul amintit la \u00eenceputul articolului, antropologii remarc\u0103 faptul c\u0103 dependen\u021ba relativ rapid\u0103 de o alimenta\u021bie dominat\u0103 de plante cultivate \u0219i cereale a fost asociat\u0103 ini\u021bial cu deteriorarea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate. Primii agricultori sufereau frecvent de anemie feripriv\u0103, carii dentare severe (favorizate de consumul de carbohidra\u021bi din cereale) \u0219i de reducerea staturii. Ulterior au recuperat \u00een E<a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/cultura\/sala-imensa-din-epoca-bronzului-descoperita-in-2313124.html\">poca Bronzului <\/a>\u0219i Epoca Fierului, o epoc\u0103 a r\u0103zboinicilor care a schimbat unele raporturi \u00een alimenta\u021bie.<\/p>\n<p><\/main><\/p>\n<footer class=\"svelte-x63bga\">\n<div class=\"related-wrap related-footer svelte-78g0vl\"><span class=\"related-label svelte-78g0vl\">Cite\u0219te \u0219i<\/span><a class=\"related svelte-78g0vl\" data-gtrack=\"{&quot;event&quot;:&quot;utm_click&quot;,&quot;data&quot;:{&quot;event_category&quot;:&quot;article_related&quot;}}\" href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/magazin\/primele-razboaie-de-exterminare-din-istoria-2399258.html\" title=\"Alt articol de interes pentru tine\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumb svelte-78g0vl\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-b\/b86b0e87-a23b-40df-ac3c-b02847a97ecb\/index.jpeg?p=f%3Dwebp%26w%3D120%26h%3D80%26r%3Dcover%26a%3D0\" alt loading=\"lazy\" width=\"80\" height=\"54\"><span class=\"title svelte-78g0vl\">Primele r\u0103zboaie de exterminare din istoria umanit\u0103\u021bii. M\u0103celurile cumplite \u0219i cruzimea ie\u0219it\u0103 din comun din paleolitic<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"meta svelte-x63bga\">\n<div class=\"authors svelte-x63bga\"><span class=\"names svelte-x63bga\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/author\/1248\" rel=\"author\" class=\"svelte-x63bga\">Cosmin P\u0103tra\u015fcu Zamfirache<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"_hydratable\" data-props=\"%7B%22showLive%22%3Atrue%7D\" data-context=\"%7B%22parentBlockColumnCount%22%3A%7B%22value%22%3A0%2C%22type%22%3A%22store%2Freadable%22%7D%2C%22parentBlockBackgroundColor%22%3A%7B%22type%22%3A%22store%2Freadable%22%7D%7D\" data-component=\"ShareButton\">\n<div class=\"shareButtons svelte-itwbrr\">\n<div class=\"liveSessions metaFont svelte-1maxmbf\"><span class=\"value svelte-1maxmbf\">1<\/span> live <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tags svelte-1l3vwp1\"><span class=\"tags-label metaFont svelte-1l3vwp1\">Cite\u0219te mai multe despre<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"tags-list svelte-1l3vwp1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/studiu\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre studiu\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">studiu<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/agricultur%C4%83\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre agricultur\u0103\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">agricultur\u0103<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/alimentatie\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre alimentatie\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">alimentatie<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/nutri%C8%9Bie\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre nutri\u021bie\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">nutri\u021bie<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/civilizatie\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre civilizatie\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">civilizatie<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/s%C4%83n%C4%83tate%20public%C4%83\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/neolitic\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre neolitic\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">neolitic<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/tag\/paleolitic\" title=\"Ultimele \u0219tiri despre paleolitic\" class=\"tag-pill svelte-1l3vwp1\">paleolitic<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"moreFromCategory svelte-x63bga\" href=\"https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/magazin\" title=\"Magazin\">Mai multe din <strong class=\"svelte-x63bga\">Magazin<\/strong> \u203a<\/a><\/footer>\n<\/article>\n<p>[analyse_source url=&#8221;https:\/\/adevarul.ro\/stil-de-viata\/magazin\/civilizatia-i-a-facut-pe-oameni-mai-mici-de-2567283.html&#8221;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[analyse_image type=&#8221;featured&#8221; src=&#8221;https:\/\/cdn.adh.reperio.news\/image-1\/1beb26e2-fb39-4805-9dda-1bee159e4934\/index.jpeg?p=f%3Djpeg%26w%3D1200%26h%3D630%26r%3Dcover&#8221;] Home Stil de via\u021b\u0103 Magazin Civiliza\u021bia i-a f\u0103cut pe oameni mai mici de statur\u0103 \u0219i mai boln\u0103vicio\u0219i. Rezultatele uimitoare ale unui studiu care arat\u0103 cum m\u00e2ncarea ne-a modificat genetic \u00a0Schimbarea dietei \u0219i trecerea la o alimenta\u021bie dependent\u0103 de culturile de plante, a f\u0103cut specia uman\u0103 mai boln\u0103vicioas\u0103 \u0219i mai scund\u0103. Cel pu\u021bin [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[19],"class_list":["post-2227891","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-romania","tag-adevarul"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2227891","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2227891"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2227891\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2227891"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2227891"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2227891"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}