{"id":1557321,"date":"2021-06-10T13:48:15","date_gmt":"2021-06-10T10:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/?p=1557321"},"modified":"2021-06-10T13:48:15","modified_gmt":"2021-06-10T10:48:15","slug":"profitorii-economiei-cum-au-fentat-jeff-bezos-elon-musk-si-alti-miliardari-de-top-impozitul-pe-venit-ancheta-pro-publica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/?p=1557321","title":{"rendered":"Profitorii economiei: Cum au fentat Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk \u0219i al\u021bi miliardari de top impozitul pe venit. Anchet\u0103 Pro Publica"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"articleBody\" data-key=\"articleBody\">&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;Un volum imens de informa\u021bii ob\u021binute de organiza\u021bia independent\u0103 de jurnalism de investiga\u021bie&nbsp;&lt;a href=&#8221;http:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/the-secret-irs-files-trove-of-never-before-seen-records-reveal-how-the-wealthiest-avoid-income-tax&#8221; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221;&gt;ProPublica&lt;\/a&gt;&nbsp;de la IRS (Serviciul Fiscal Intern al SUA) dezv\u0103luie cum miliardari precum Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk \u0219i Warren Buffett pl\u0103tesc impozite pe venit extrem de mici \u00een compara\u021bie cu averea lor uria\u0219\u0103 &#8211; uneori, chiar nimic. Ancheta realizat\u0103 de Pro Publica a fost, ulterior, citat\u0103 \u0219i de publica\u021bia &lt;a href=&#8221;http:\/\/childrenshealthdefense.org\/defender\/propublica-irs-data-top-billionaires-income-taxes\/&#8221; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221;&gt;The Defender&lt;\/a&gt;.&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;\u00cen 2007, Jeff Bezos, pe atunci multimiliardar \u0219i acum cel mai bogat om din lume, nu a pl\u0103tit niciun cent pentru impozitul federal pe venit. El a reu\u0219it aceast\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103 din nou \u00een 2011. \u00cen 2018, fondatorul Tesla, Elon Musk, a doua cea mai bogat\u0103 persoan\u0103 din lume, nu a pl\u0103tit, nici el, vreun impozit federal pe venit.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Michael Bloomberg a reu\u0219it s\u0103 fac\u0103 acela\u0219i lucru \u00een ultimii ani. Investitorul miliardar Carl Icahn a f\u0103cut-o de dou\u0103 ori. George Soros nu a pl\u0103tit niciun impozit federal pe venit trei ani la r\u00e2nd.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;ProPublica a ob\u021binut o vast\u0103 colec\u021bie de date de la Internal Revenue Service (IRS) privind declara\u021biile de impozit a mii dintre cei mai boga\u021bi oameni din SUA, acoperind o perioad\u0103 mai mare de 15 ani. Datele ofer\u0103 o incursiune f\u0103r\u0103 precedent \u00een via\u021ba financiar\u0103 a titanilor americani, printre care Warren Buffett, Bill Gates, Rupert Murdoch \u0219i Mark Zuckerberg. Nu arat\u0103 doar veniturile \u0219i impozitele acestora, ci \u0219i investi\u021biile, tranzac\u021biile cu ac\u021biuni, c\u00e2\u0219tigurile din jocurile de noroc \u0219i chiar rezultatele auditurilor.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Luate \u00eempreun\u0103, acestea demonteaz\u0103 mitul fundamental al sistemului fiscal american: c\u0103 toat\u0103 lumea \u00ee\u0219i pl\u0103te\u0219te partea sa echitabil\u0103, iar cei mai boga\u021bi americani pl\u0103tesc cel mai mult. Documentele IRS arat\u0103 c\u0103 cei mai boga\u021bi pot pl\u0103ti &#8211; perfect legal &#8211; impozite pe venit care reprezint\u0103 doar o frac\u021biune infim\u0103 din sutele de milioane, dac\u0103 nu miliardele, cu care averile lor cresc \u00een fiecare an.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Mul\u021bi americani tr\u0103iesc de la un salariu la altul, adun\u00e2nd pu\u021bin\u0103 avere \u0219i pl\u0103tind guvernului federal un procent din venitul lor, care cre\u0219te dac\u0103 c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 mai mult. \u00cen ultimii ani, gospod\u0103ria american\u0103 medie a c\u00e2\u0219tigat aproximativ 70.000 de dolari pe an \u0219i a pl\u0103tit 14% impozite federale. Cea mai mare rat\u0103 a impozitului pe venit, de 37%, a intrat \u00een vigoare anul acesta, pentru cupluri cu venituri care dep\u0103\u0219esc 628.300 de dolari.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;Documentele fiscale confiden\u021biale ob\u021binute de ProPublica arat\u0103 c\u0103 cei foarte boga\u021bi ocolesc cu succes sistemul de impozitare.&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Miliardarii americani se folosesc de strategii de evitare a impozitelor, care nu sunt la \u00eendem\u00e2na oamenilor obi\u0219nui\u021bi. Bog\u0103\u021bia lor provine din valoarea &#8211; \u00een cre\u0219tere fulminant\u0103 &#8211; a activelor lor, precum ac\u021biunile \u0219i propriet\u0103\u021bile. Aceste c\u00e2\u0219tiguri nu sunt definite de legile americane ca fiind venituri impozabile, dec\u00e2t dac\u0103 \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd miliardarii v\u00e2nd.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Pentru a surprinde realitatea financiar\u0103 a celor mai boga\u021bi americani, ProPublica a efectuat o analiz\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 precedent. A comparat impozitele pl\u0103tite de cei mai boga\u021bi 25 de americani \u00een fiecare an cu c\u00e2t de mult a estimat Forbes c\u0103 a crescut averea lor \u00een aceea\u0219i perioad\u0103 de timp.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Potrivit Forbes, aceste 25 de persoane \u0219i-au v\u0103zut averea cresc\u00e2nd \u00een mod colectiv cu 401 miliarde de dolari din 2014 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2018. Ele au pl\u0103tit un total de 13,6 miliarde de dolari impozit federal pe venit \u00een acei cinci ani, arat\u0103 datele IRS. Este o sum\u0103 uluitoare, dar se ridic\u0103 la o rat\u0103 real\u0103 de impozitare de doar 3,4%.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Cu totul alta este situa\u021bia americanilor din clasa de mijloc &#8211; de exemplu, salaria\u021bii trecu\u021bi de 40 de ani care au acumulat o avere obi\u0219nuit\u0103 pentru cei de v\u00e2rsta lor. Din 2014 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2018, valoarea net\u0103 a acestor gospod\u0103rii a crescut \u00een medie cu aproximativ 65.000 de dolari dup\u0103 impozitare, \u00een principal datorit\u0103 cre\u0219terii valorii locuin\u021belor lor. Dar, deoarece marea majoritate a c\u00e2\u0219tigurilor lor au fost din salarii, facturile lor fiscale au fost aproape la fel de mari, de aproape 62.000 de dolari, \u00een acea perioad\u0103 de cinci ani.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;Niciunul dintre cei mai boga\u021bi 25 nu a evitat at\u00e2t de multe impozite ca Buffett, bunicul centimiliardar. Acest lucru este poate surprinz\u0103tor, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere pozi\u021bia sa public\u0103 de sus\u021bin\u0103tor al impozitelor mai mari pentru cei boga\u021bi. Potrivit Forbes, bog\u0103\u021bia sa a crescut cu 24,3 miliarde de dolari \u00eentre 2014 \u0219i 2018. \u00cen acei ani, arat\u0103 datele, Buffett a declarat c\u0103 a pl\u0103tit 23,7 milioane de dolari pe impozite. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 o rat\u0103 real\u0103 de impozitare de 0,1%, sau mai pu\u021bin de 10 cen\u021bi pentru fiecare 100 de dolari pe care i-a ad\u0103ugat la averea sa.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;Compara\u021bie \u00eentre tabloul financiar al lui Bezos \u0219i cel al unei gospod\u0103rii americane obi\u0219nuite&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;\u00cen timp ce averea lui Bezos a crescut astronomic \u00een ultimul deceniu \u0219i el a pl\u0103tit o frac\u021biune infim\u0103 din ea pe impozite, o gospod\u0103rie american\u0103 tipic\u0103 a pl\u0103tit impozite mai mari dec\u00e2t averea acumulat\u0103.&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;img src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.activenews.ro\/documente\/grafice-impozite.png&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; border=&#8221;0&#8243; style=&#8221;margin: 0px; width: 640px; height: 283px;&#8221; \/&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: 700;&#8221;&gt;Articolul poate fi citit integral la&nbsp;&lt;a href=&#8221;http:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/the-secret-irs-files-trove-of-never-before-seen-records-reveal-how-the-wealthiest-avoid-income-tax&#8221; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221; style=&#8221;font-weight: 700;&#8221;&gt;ProPublica&lt;\/a&gt;&nbsp;\u0219i la&nbsp;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;a href=&#8221;http:\/\/childrenshealthdefense.org\/defender\/propublica-irs-data-top-billionaires-income-taxes\/&#8221; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221; style=&#8221;font-weight: 700;&#8221;&gt;The Defender&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div style=&#8221;text-align: center;&#8221;&gt;&nbsp; &lt;iframe width=&#8221;560&#8243; height=&#8221;315&#8243; src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8pBPZMUcsh0&#8243; title=&#8221;YouTube video player&#8221; frameborder=&#8221;0&#8243; allow=&#8221;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture&#8221; allowfullscreen=&#8221;&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/iframe&gt;;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;br \/&gt; &lt;\/div&gt;<\/div>\n<p> Source URL: https:\/\/www.activenews.ro\/stiri\/Profitorii-economiei-Cum-au-fentat-Jeff-Bezos-Elon-Musk-si-alti-miliardari-de-top-impozitul-pe-venit.-Ancheta-Pro-Publica-167355<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&#8221;font-weight: bold;&#8221;&gt;Un volum imens de informa\u021bii ob\u021binute de organiza\u021bia independent\u0103 de jurnalism de investiga\u021bie&nbsp;&lt;a href=&#8221;http:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/the-secret-irs-files-trove-of-never-before-seen-records-reveal-how-the-wealthiest-avoid-income-tax&#8221; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221;&gt;ProPublica&lt;\/a&gt;&nbsp;de la IRS (Serviciul Fiscal Intern al SUA) dezv\u0103luie cum miliardari precum Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk \u0219i Warren Buffett pl\u0103tesc impozite pe venit extrem de mici \u00een compara\u021bie cu averea lor uria\u0219\u0103 &#8211; uneori, chiar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1557329,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[98],"class_list":["post-1557321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-romania","tag-activenews-ro"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1557321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1557321"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1557321\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1557329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1557321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1557321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/analyse.optim.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1557321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}